Surgery & Trauma Clinical Guidelines
The surgery and trauma guideline index: ATLS 11, ACS trauma standards, TQP and EAST guidelines, WSES, severe TBI, SSI prevention, intra-abdominal infection.
The surgery and trauma guideline index: ATLS 11, ACS trauma standards, TQP and EAST guidelines, WSES, severe TBI, SSI prevention, intra-abdominal infection.
The surgery and trauma department hub, indexing the governing guidelines: ATLS 11, ACS trauma standards, TQP, EAST, WSES, severe TBI, SSI prevention, and ERAS.
Perioperative and anesthesia guideline index: the governing ASA, ERAS, ACC/AHA, ASRA, and Association of Anaesthetists guidelines, with edition and source.
The perioperative and anesthesia hub. Indexes the governing ASA, ERAS, ACC/AHA, ASRA, and Association of Anaesthetists guidelines, each with a source link.
Pediatrics and neonatal guidelines index: AAP clinical practice guidelines, AHA/AAP resuscitation, SSC pediatric sepsis, and IDSA/PIDS pneumonia, with sources.
The pediatrics and neonatal hub: governing AAP clinical practice guidelines, AHA/AAP resuscitation, SSC pediatric sepsis, and IDSA/PIDS pneumonia, with sources.
Obstetrics and maternal care guidelines index: ACOG bulletins and clinical practice guidelines, SMFM, AIM safety bundles, WHO, and AWHONN, with sources.
The obstetrics and maternal care hub: governing ACOG bulletins and clinical practice guidelines, SMFM, AIM safety bundles, WHO, and AWHONN, each with source.
Neurology and stroke guidelines index: AHA/ASA, Neurocritical Care Society, AES, ILAE, AAN, and Brain Trauma Foundation guidelines with edition and source.
The neurology and stroke hub: governing AHA/ASA, Neurocritical Care Society, AES, ILAE, AAN, and Brain Trauma Foundation guidelines, with edition and source.
Nephrology and dialysis guideline index: the governing KDIGO and KDOQI guidelines on CKD, AKI, glomerular disease, anemia, and dialysis, with source links.
The nephrology and dialysis hub. Indexes the governing KDIGO and KDOQI guidelines on CKD, AKI, glomerular disease, anemia, CKD-MBD, and dialysis, with sources.
The hospital medicine guideline index: governing society guidelines for adult inpatient care, from CAP and C. difficile through VTE, PE, glycemia, and Beers.
The hospital medicine department hub, indexing the governing society guidelines for adult inpatient care: pneumonia, C. difficile, UTI, VTE, PE, and glycemia.
The clinical pharmacy guideline index: governing guidelines and standards for hospital medication use, from stewardship and vancomycin to USP 797 and ISMP.
The clinical pharmacy department hub, indexing the governing guidelines for hospital medication use: stewardship, vancomycin, medication safety, USP 797, Beers.
Cardiology guideline index: the governing ACC/AHA, ESC, HRS, and AHA guidelines on heart failure, coronary disease, atrial fibrillation, and resuscitation.
The cardiology hub. Indexes the governing ACC/AHA, ESC, HRS, and AHA guidelines on heart failure, coronary disease, atrial fibrillation, and resuscitation.
Complete clinical reference for the 2026 Surviving Sepsis Campaign pediatric guidelines — 61 evidence-based recommendations covering recognition, antimicrobial therapy, fluid therapy, hemodynamic management, vasoactive medications, ventilation, corticosteroids, metabolic management, blood products, renal replacement therapy, ECMO, immune therapies, long-term follow-up, and prophylaxis in pediatric sepsis and septic shock.
Complete clinical reference for the 2026 Surviving Sepsis Campaign international guidelines — 129 evidence-based recommendations covering screening, antimicrobial therapy, hemodynamic management, respiratory support, adjunctive therapies, goals of care, transitions, and long-term outcomes in adult sepsis and septic shock.
Surviving Sepsis Campaign 2026 recommendations for goals of care discussions, advanced directives, time-limited trials, palliative care, ICU transition programs, handoff processes, medication reconciliation, discharge planning, patient and family education, post-critical illness follow-up, physical rehabilitation, mental health support, and cognitive recovery in adult sepsis and septic shock.
Surviving Sepsis Campaign 2026 pediatric recommendations for immune stimulants in immunoparalysis, immunosuppressive therapy for hyperferritinemia, early rehabilitation bundles, targeted posthospital follow-up, post-sepsis morbidity screening, stress ulcer prophylaxis, VTE prophylaxis, nutrition, and blood products in children with sepsis.
Surviving Sepsis Campaign 2026 recommendations for IV corticosteroids, antipyretic therapy, IV vitamin C, IV immunoglobulins, blood purification, polymyxin B hemoperfusion, vitamin D, XueBiJing, stress ulcer prophylaxis, probiotics, active fluid removal, restrictive transfusion, enteral nutrition, insulin therapy, renal replacement therapy, sodium bicarbonate, and VTE prophylaxis in adult sepsis and septic shock.
Surviving Sepsis Campaign 2026 pediatric recommendations for hydrocortisone, fever management, sodium bicarbonate, calcium, levothyroxine, vitamin C, thiamine, vitamin D, fluid balance, high-volume hemofiltration, plasma exchange for TAMOF, extracorporeal blood purification, ECMO, immunosuppressive therapy management, and IVIG in pediatric sepsis.
Surviving Sepsis Campaign 2026 recommendations for oxygenation monitoring, oxygen targets, high flow nasal cannula, noninvasive positive pressure ventilation, awake proning, lung-protective ventilation, tidal volumes, plateau pressure limits, PEEP strategy, prone ventilation, neuromuscular blockade, and veno-venous ECMO in adult sepsis and septic shock.
Surviving Sepsis Campaign 2026 pediatric recommendations for vasoactive medication timing, epinephrine vs norepinephrine, peripheral vasoactive initiation, vasopressin, inodilators, angiotensin II, methylene blue, intubation in septic shock, etomidate avoidance, and conservative SpO2 targets in children.
Surviving Sepsis Campaign 2026 recommendations for blood pressure monitoring, fluid type selection, balanced crystalloids, albumin, liberal vs restrictive fluid strategies, dynamic measures for fluid responsiveness, cardiac output monitoring, serial lactate, capillary refill time, vasopressor hierarchy, inotropes, methylene blue, midodrine, and beta-blockers in adult sepsis and septic shock.
Surviving Sepsis Campaign 2026 pediatric recommendations for emergent source control, intravascular device removal, fluid bolus therapy in septic shock, fluid therapy in non-ICU settings, balanced crystalloids vs saline, hemodynamic assessment, ScvO2 targeting, advanced monitoring, and point-of-care ultrasound in pediatric sepsis.
Surviving Sepsis Campaign 2026 recommendations for antimicrobial timing by diagnostic certainty, prehospital antibiotics, source control, empiric MDR and antifungal coverage, anaerobic coverage, rapid diagnostics, prolonged beta-lactam infusion, therapeutic drug monitoring, de-escalation, procalcitonin-guided discontinuation, and selective decontamination of the digestive tract.
Surviving Sepsis Campaign 2026 pediatric recommendations for sepsis screening, performance improvement programs, blood lactate, blood cultures, molecular testing, antimicrobial timing, empiric broad-spectrum therapy, beta-lactam infusion strategies, de-escalation, procalcitonin-guided therapy, and infectious diseases consultation in children.
Surviving Sepsis Campaign 2026 recommendations for performance improvement programs, code sepsis protocols, prehospital and in-hospital screening, biomarkers, blood cultures, lactate measurement, initial fluid resuscitation, vasopressor timing, peripheral vasopressor initiation, MAP targets, and ICU admission.
Evidence-based guideline for venous thromboembolism prevention in critically ill patients, including pharmacologic and mechanical prophylaxis, special populations, and monitoring.
Evidence-based guideline for VAP prevention bundles, diagnostic approaches, empiric and targeted antimicrobial therapy, and surveillance in mechanically ventilated patients.
Evidence-based guideline for classification, imaging decisions, ICP management, surgical indications, and outcome prediction in traumatic brain injury across all severity levels.
Evidence-based guideline for systematic trauma evaluation including ABCDE primary survey, hemorrhagic shock management, damage control resuscitation, injury-specific assessment, and special populations.
Evidence-based guideline for red cell, platelet, plasma, and cryoprecipitate transfusion, massive transfusion protocols, transfusion reactions, and patient blood management in the critically ill.
Evidence-based guideline for recognition, decontamination, specific antidote therapy, and enhanced elimination in acute poisoning and overdose presentations.
Evidence-based guideline for screening, resuscitation, hemodynamic management, antimicrobial therapy, and organ support in sepsis and septic shock, synthesized from international critical care recommendations.
Evidence-based guideline for pain assessment, sedation management, delirium prevention and treatment, early mobility, and sleep promotion in the ICU — the PADIS/ABCDEF bundle approach.
Evidence-based guideline for post-ROSC management, targeted temperature management, neuroprognostication, seizure management, and long-term recovery after cardiac arrest.
Evidence-based guideline for pediatric resuscitation, respiratory emergencies, sepsis, febrile infant evaluation, seizures, dehydration, and common surgical emergencies in children.
Evidence-based guideline for nutritional assessment, enteral and parenteral nutrition, micronutrient supplementation, and special population management in the critically ill patient.
Evidence-based guideline for lung-protective ventilation, prone positioning, PEEP optimization, rescue therapies, and ventilator liberation in acute respiratory distress syndrome.
The cross-department infection prevention hub — CLABSI prevention (program-level and ICU-level), ventilator-associated pneumonia, hand hygiene, ANTT, precautions, skin antisepsis, and the guideline development handbook, indexed in one place.
Comprehensive, evidence-based clinical guidelines for intensive care practice — synthesized from multiple professional society recommendations covering sepsis, ventilation, sedation, infection prevention, nutrition, hemostasis, renal support, post-arrest care, and transfusion medicine.
The emergency medicine department hub — ten multi-society clinical guideline series covering cardiac arrest, ACS, stroke, trauma, TBI, airway and RSI, pain and sedation, toxicology, abdominal emergencies, and pediatrics, each broken into linked part pages.
Comprehensive, evidence-based clinical guidelines for emergency medicine practice — synthesized from multiple professional society recommendations covering cardiac emergencies, stroke, trauma, toxicology, airway management, pediatrics, and procedural care.
The critical care department hub — twelve multi-society clinical guideline series covering sepsis (including SSC 2026 adult and pediatric), mechanical ventilation and ARDS, VAP, CLABSI prevention, PADIS, nutrition, VTE prophylaxis, transfusion, AKI/RRT, and post-arrest care, each broken into linked part pages.
Evidence-based guideline for CLABSI prevention, including insertion and maintenance bundles, supplemental strategies, diagnosis and management of catheter-related bloodstream infections, and surveillance.
Evidence-based guideline for cardiac arrest algorithms, defibrillation, ACLS medications, arrhythmia management, special circumstances, and post-arrest care.
Evidence-based guideline for recognition, evaluation, thrombolysis, thrombectomy, and management of ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage in the emergency department.
Evidence-based guideline for multimodal analgesia, opioid stewardship, ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia, and procedural sedation agents and protocols in the ED.
Evidence-based guideline for AKI staging, prevention, conservative management, renal replacement therapy modalities, CRRT prescription, and special populations in the critically ill.
Evidence-based guideline for evaluation, risk stratification, and management of STEMI, NSTEMI, and unstable angina in the emergency department.
Evidence-based guideline for airway assessment, preoxygenation, RSI medications, difficult airway algorithms, surgical airway, and scenario-specific airway management.
Evidence-based guideline for evaluation and management of surgical and non-surgical abdominal emergencies including appendicitis, cholecystitis, pancreatitis, bowel obstruction, and mesenteric ischemia.
Concussion assessment (SCAT6), return-to-play and return-to-learn protocols, post-concussive syndrome, pediatric TBI, geriatric TBI, TBI in pregnancy, IMPACT and CRASH prognostic models, biomarkers (GFAP, UCH-L1, S100B, NSE), and rehabilitation referral criteria.
Pediatric trauma (vital signs by age, Broselow, non-accidental trauma), geriatric trauma (anticoagulant reversal, occult shock), pregnant trauma (physiologic changes, perimortem C-section), burns (Parkland formula, rule of nines, escharotomy), and penetrating vs blunt selective non-operative management.
One pill can kill agents, weight-based pediatric antidote dosing, comprehensive antidote dosing reference table, toxicologic cardiac arrest management by agent, alcohol withdrawal protocols, synthetic cannabinoids, novel psychoactive substances, and poison center consultation guidance.
Sepsis management in immunocompromised patients, elderly, and pregnancy; bundle compliance and quality metrics; post-sepsis syndrome; long-term outcomes and performance improvement.
Intussusception, pyloric stenosis, testicular torsion, PECARN head CT and abdominal trauma decision rules, solid organ injury non-operative management, non-accidental trauma screening, neonatal emergencies including hypoglycemia, congenital heart disease with PGE1, hyperbilirubinemia, and a comprehensive pediatric medication dosing reference table.
COVID-19 ARDS phenotypes and management, transfusion-related acute lung injury, aspiration-related ARDS, immunocompromised patients, obesity and ARDS, pediatric considerations, long-term outcomes, and ICU quality benchmarks for ventilator management.
PADIS management in special populations including post-operative, neurological injury, substance withdrawal (alcohol/CIWA, opioid/COWS), ECMO and CRRT dosing adjustments, plus quality metrics, bundle compliance measurement, and implementation strategies.
SAH presentation, Hunt & Hess scale, WFNS grade, Fisher CT grading, aneurysm management, vasospasm prevention, DCI, TIA evaluation (ABCD2, dual antiplatelet), stroke mimics, posterior circulation, wake-up stroke, pregnancy, and pediatric stroke.
Sepsis-associated AKI, cardiac surgery-associated AKI, contrast-associated AKI, hepatorenal syndrome, rhabdomyolysis, tumor lysis syndrome, AKI in pregnancy, long-term outcomes, CKD progression, nephrology referral criteria, and quality metrics.
Long-term antiplatelet therapy and DAPT duration, statin therapy, ACE inhibitor/ARB, beta-blocker, aldosterone antagonists, cardiac rehabilitation, lifestyle modification, and quality metrics.
Extracorporeal CPR indications and evidence, CPR quality metrics and physiologic targets, pediatric cardiac arrest differences with weight-based dosing, neonatal resuscitation overview, termination of resuscitation criteria, and post-arrest care cross-reference.
VTE prophylaxis in traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, neurosurgery, burns, stroke, cardiac surgery, orthopedic trauma, ECMO, thrombocytopenia, active bleeding, pregnancy, and obesity; HIT recognition and alternative anticoagulants; quality metrics and compliance monitoring.
Pathogen-directed therapy for MRSA, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, ESBL-producing Enterobacterales, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia with dosing tables, VAE versus traditional VAP surveillance reporting, NHSN definitions and algorithms, quality metrics including VAE rates and bundle compliance, and antibiotic stewardship considerations.
Epidural hematoma, acute and chronic subdural hematoma, traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage, diffuse axonal injury, skull fractures, penetrating TBI, cerebral herniation syndromes, and advanced neuromonitoring including PbtO2, cerebral microdialysis, continuous EEG, and transcranial Doppler.
Head injury assessment, cervical spine clearance (Canadian C-Spine Rule, NEXUS), chest injury evaluation, abdominal assessment with AAST organ injury grading (liver, spleen, kidney), pelvic fracture management, extremity vascular injury and compartment syndrome, and spinal injury with TLICS scoring.
Recognition and management of all transfusion reactions (hemolytic, FNHTR, allergic, TRALI, TACO), TRALI vs TACO differential table, reporting requirements, patient blood management (PBM), special populations including Jehovah's Witness patients, and quality metrics.
Complete management of methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning (fomepizole, hemodialysis), carbon monoxide, cyanide, organophosphates and nerve agents, iron poisoning, caustic ingestions, local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST), sympathomimetic toxicity, and enhanced elimination techniques including urinary alkalinization and EXTRIP hemodialysis indications.
Corticosteroid indications and evidence in septic shock, mechanical ventilation in sepsis-induced ARDS, renal replacement therapy, blood product management, glucose management, DVT and stress ulcer prophylaxis, and nutrition.
Continuous EEG monitoring, seizure and status epilepticus treatment, organ donation considerations, cardiac rehabilitation, ICD evaluation, cognitive recovery, and quality metrics after cardiac arrest.
Febrile seizure evaluation, status epilepticus protocol with stepwise treatment, clinical dehydration assessment, WHO dehydration classification, ORT protocol, IV fluid calculation with Holliday-Segar rule, hyponatremia correction, and pediatric diabetic ketoacidosis management including 2-bag system and cerebral edema monitoring.
CLABSI prevention in neonates, immunocompromised patients, hemodialysis catheters, and long-term catheters; NHSN surveillance methodology; SIR calculation; CUSP framework; daily goals checklist; nurse empowerment; zero CLABSI sustainability.
High-flow nasal cannula and FLORALI trial evidence, NIV/BiPAP in ARDS, daily spontaneous breathing trial protocols, SAT-SBT coordination, RSBI, extubation criteria, cuff leak test, post-extubation support, and tracheostomy timing.
Safety screening criteria for ICU mobilization, progressive mobility levels, ICU-acquired weakness diagnosis and prevention, barriers to early mobility, sleep disruption assessment and causes, non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic sleep interventions, and circadian rhythm management.
Comprehensive guide to immunonutrition (arginine, glutamine, omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants), and nutrition management in special ICU populations including sepsis, burns, trauma, TBI, acute pancreatitis, ECMO, obesity, chronic critical illness, open abdomen, and CRRT.
ICH pathophysiology, ICH Score, hematoma expansion, blood pressure management (INTERACT2, ATACH-2), anticoagulant reversal protocols, surgical intervention criteria (STICH, MISTIE III, ENRICH), and ICP management.
Renal colic, fractures, headache, sickle cell crisis, burns, pediatric procedural pain, geriatric considerations, discharge multimodal prescribing, opioid alternatives, PDMP requirements, and quality metrics.
RRT modalities comparison (IHD, CRRT, SLED/PIRRT), timing evidence (STARRT-AKI, AKIKI, IDEAL-ICU, ELAIN), CRRT prescription and dose, citrate and heparin anticoagulation protocols, vascular access, troubleshooting, and discontinuation criteria.
Early invasive vs conservative strategy, timing of angiography, antiplatelet and anticoagulation for NSTEMI, special populations (women, elderly, diabetes, CKD, cocaine), arrhythmias, and chest pain disposition.
Scenario-specific airway management for trauma, elevated ICP, status asthmaticus, morbid obesity, pregnancy, pediatric patients, angioedema/anaphylaxis, and burns. Complete post-intubation ventilator settings, sedation/analgesia regimens, extubation criteria, and equipment reference tables by age and weight.
Comprehensive guide to perforated peptic ulcer with Boey score, mesenteric ischemia types and management, ruptured AAA emergency management, ectopic pregnancy evaluation and treatment, and special populations including pediatric, elderly, immunocompromised, and pregnant patients.
Cardiac arrest management in pregnancy, drowning, hypothermia, pulmonary embolism, tension pneumothorax, cardiac tamponade, opioid overdose, hyperkalemia, anaphylaxis, and toxicologic emergencies.
Evidence for intermittent pneumatic compression and graduated compression stockings, IVC filter indications and complications, screening ultrasound protocols, CTPA decision-making, and transition from prophylaxis to treatment.
Clinical diagnostic criteria, CPIS scoring table, microbiologic sampling strategies (ETA, BAL, mini-BAL) with quantitative thresholds, biomarker guidance, empiric antibiotic selection stratified by MDR risk with complete dosing tables and renal adjustments, de-escalation principles, short-course duration evidence, inhaled antibiotics, and treatment failure evaluation.
ICP monitoring indications, ICP and CPP targets, complete tiered ICP management protocol with dosing, hyperosmolar therapy, EVD drainage, decompressive craniectomy (DECRA, RESCUEicp), barbiturate coma, and surgical indications for epidural hematoma, subdural hematoma, depressed skull fracture, and posterior fossa lesions.
Permissive hypotension, massive transfusion protocol with 1:1:1 ratio, tranexamic acid (CRASH-2), crystalloid limitation, hypothermia prevention, acidosis correction, viscoelastic hemostatic assays, and whole blood resuscitation.
Massive transfusion protocol activation, fixed-ratio transfusion (1:1:1 per PROPPR), TEG/ROTEM viscoelastic testing and interpretation, damage control resuscitation, TXA (CRASH-2), calcium replacement, permissive hypotension, and hemorrhage management in trauma, obstetric, and GI bleeding.
Complete management of TCA poisoning (sodium bicarbonate protocol), calcium channel blocker overdose (high-dose insulin), beta-blocker toxicity, digoxin poisoning (DigiFab), serotonin syndrome, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, lithium toxicity, and antipsychotic overdose.
Timing of antibiotics, empiric broad-spectrum regimens by suspected source, de-escalation, duration of therapy, procalcitonin-guided discontinuation, antifungal considerations, and source control procedures.
Comprehensive multimodal neuroprognostication framework including timing, clinical examination, EEG, SSEPs, biomarkers, neuroimaging, confounders, and prognostication algorithm.
Pediatric sepsis recognition with age-specific SIRS criteria, sepsis resuscitation protocol, vasopressor selection, antibiotic guidance, febrile infant risk stratification by age, Rochester-Philadelphia-Boston criteria comparison, PECARN febrile infant rule, and neonatal CSF interpretation.
Antimicrobial-impregnated catheters, antimicrobial lock therapy, CHG-impregnated dressings, antibiotic ointments, diagnosis of CRBSI (paired blood cultures, differential time to positivity, catheter tip culture), empiric therapy, catheter removal vs salvage, duration of therapy by organism, and suppurative thrombophlebitis.
Complete delirium assessment tools (CAM-ICU flowsheet, ICDSC scoring), delirium subtypes, modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors, evidence-based non-pharmacologic prevention bundles, and pharmacologic management including haloperidol, quetiapine, and dexmedetomidine dosing.
Recruitment maneuvers and evidence from the ART trial, conservative fluid management from the FACTT trial, inhaled pulmonary vasodilators, ECMO indications and referral criteria from the EOLIA trial, high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, and corticosteroids in ARDS.
Comprehensive guide to parenteral nutrition in the ICU: indications, timing controversies, composition, lipid emulsions, monitoring, complications, transition to EN, and micronutrient supplementation including thiamine, vitamin C, vitamin D, selenium, zinc, and refeeding syndrome prevention.
EVT indications, landmark trials, extended window therapy (DAWN, DEFUSE-3), anesthesia considerations, and comprehensive blood pressure management with antihypertensive dosing tables.
LET gel, EMLA cream, lidocaine buffering, hematoma block, intra-articular injection, sedation continuum, pre-sedation assessment, sedation agents with complete dosing, ketamine considerations, modified Aldrete score, and recovery criteria.
Fluid management, hyperkalemia emergency algorithm, electrolyte and acid-base management, diuretic therapy including furosemide stress test, drug dosing in AKI, and nutritional considerations.
Systems of care, primary PCI, fibrinolytic therapy with dosing, pharmacoinvasive strategy, dual antiplatelet therapy, anticoagulation, adjunctive therapy, cardiogenic shock, and mechanical complications.
Failed first attempt optimization, video laryngoscopy types and evidence, bougie technique, supraglottic airways with sizing tables, intubating through SGA, front-of-neck access (FONA), surgical cricothyrotomy (scalpel-bougie-tube), needle cricothyrotomy, and the complete difficult airway algorithm.
Comprehensive guide to adhesive small bowel obstruction with CT findings, conservative management, water-soluble contrast challenge, and surgical indications; large bowel obstruction including volvulus and Ogilvie syndrome; and diverticulitis with Hinchey classification, DIABOLO trial evidence, and surgical decision-making.
Narrow and wide complex tachycardia algorithms, synchronized cardioversion energy levels, SVT management with adenosine, atrial fibrillation rate and rhythm control, bradycardia algorithm, atropine, transcutaneous pacing, and vasopressor infusions.
Complete dosing tables for LMWH, UFH, and fondaparinux in ICU patients, renal and obesity dose adjustments, anti-Xa monitoring, key trial evidence (PROTECT, PREVENT, INSPIRATION), and duration of prophylaxis.
Comprehensive evidence review of VAP prevention bundle components including head-of-bed elevation, sedation management, oral care and chlorhexidine controversy, subglottic secretion drainage, ETT cuff pressure, suctioning, circuit management, early mobility, stress ulcer prophylaxis, and supplemental strategies including SDD/SOD, silver-coated ETTs, and probiotics.
Airway management and RSI in TBI, oxygenation and ventilation targets, blood pressure management, seizure prophylaxis, coagulopathy reversal, TXA (CRASH-3), and cerebral herniation emergency management.
Extended FAST technique, chest and pelvis radiography, Foley and NG tube placement, complete head-to-toe secondary survey, AMPLE history, and hemorrhagic shock classification with Classes I-IV.
Evidence-based indications, thresholds, and dosing for platelet, plasma (FFP/FP24), and cryoprecipitate/fibrinogen concentrate transfusion, including platelet refractoriness, warfarin reversal, and special considerations for HIT, TTP, ITP, and DIC.
Complete management of acetaminophen overdose (NAC protocols), salicylate poisoning (alkalinization, hemodialysis), opioid overdose (naloxone titration), benzodiazepine reversal (flumazenil), and sedative-hypnotic poisonings.
Hour-1 bundle components, fluid resuscitation strategy, crystalloid selection, fluid responsiveness assessment, vasopressor selection and dosing, inotrope use, hemodynamic monitoring, and lactate-guided resuscitation.
Complete TTM protocol including historical evolution, landmark trial evidence, temperature targets, cooling methods, shivering management, complications, and special populations.
Croup scoring and management, bronchiolitis evaluation and supportive care, acute asthma severity classification and stepwise treatment, anaphylaxis recognition and epinephrine dosing, and foreign body aspiration management.
Indications, protocols, and evidence for prone positioning in ARDS based on the PROSEVA trial, procedural checklists and contraindications, neuromuscular blockade evidence from ACURASYS and ROSE trials, train-of-four monitoring, and current recommendations.
Evidence-based insertion bundle components (hand hygiene, maximal sterile barriers, chlorhexidine antisepsis, site selection, daily necessity review) and maintenance bundle components (hub disinfection, CHG bathing, dressing management, needleless connectors, administration set changes) with supporting evidence.
Comprehensive sedation assessment (RASS, SAS complete scoring tables), light sedation targets, sedative agent pharmacology and dosing (propofol, dexmedetomidine, midazolam, ketamine), propofol infusion syndrome, daily sedation interruption protocols, and nurse-driven sedation algorithms.
Comprehensive guide to enteral nutrition in the critically ill: timing of initiation, gastric vs post-pyloric access, advancement protocols, formula selection, gastric residual volume management, prokinetic agents, complications including aspiration and refeeding syndrome, and EN during prone positioning and vasopressor therapy.
Alteplase and tenecteplase dosing, complete inclusion/exclusion criteria for 0-3h and 3-4.5h windows, blood pressure management peri-thrombolysis, orolingual angioedema, and hemorrhagic transformation.
Opioid dosing tables, equianalgesic conversions, intranasal fentanyl, opioid stewardship, risk assessment tools, ultrasound-guided nerve blocks, local anesthetic agents, and LAST protocol.
Pre-renal, intrinsic, and post-renal AKI causes; diagnostic workup including urinalysis, FENa, FEUrea, and imaging; prevention strategies; nephrotoxin avoidance; contrast-associated AKI evidence; drug dose adjustment table.
Troponin biology, high-sensitivity troponin algorithms (0/1h and 0/3h), HEART score, TIMI risk scores, GRACE score, HEART Pathway, and chest pain observation pathways.
Complete RSI protocol including preparation, pretreatment agents, induction agents with dosing tables, neuromuscular blocking agents with contraindications and reversal, paralysis verification, post-intubation sedation, confirmation of intubation, awake intubation, and drug-assisted intubation without paralysis.
Comprehensive guide to acute cholecystitis with Tokyo Guidelines severity grading, cholangitis management, ERCP indications, and acute pancreatitis with Revised Atlanta Classification, BISAP score, Ranson criteria, CTSI/Balthazar score, fluid resuscitation, nutrition, and necrotizing pancreatitis management.
VF/pVT and asystole/PEA algorithms, H's and T's reversible causes, epinephrine, amiodarone, lidocaine, sodium bicarbonate, calcium, magnesium, lipid emulsion, and advanced airway management during arrest.
Incidence and pathophysiology of VTE in critically ill patients, comprehensive ICU risk factors, and complete risk assessment scoring systems including Padua Prediction Score, Caprini Score, and IMPROVE Score.
Clinical and surveillance definitions of VAP, the VAE tier system (VAC, IVAC, PVAP), HAP versus VAP distinction, epidemiology including incidence and mortality data, pathogenesis of aspiration and biofilm formation, and modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors.
GCS scoring, TBI severity classification, Canadian CT Head Rule, New Orleans Criteria, PECARN pediatric head CT algorithm, and comparison of imaging decision rules with sensitivity and specificity data.
Two-tier trauma team activation criteria, CDC field triage, and complete ABCDE primary survey including airway with C-spine protection, breathing and ventilation, circulation with hemorrhage control, disability assessment with GCS, and exposure/environment.
Evidence-based hemoglobin thresholds for RBC transfusion in the critically ill, landmark trial evidence (TRICC, TRISS, FOCUS, TITRe2, TRICS-III), physiologic triggers, single-unit policy, compatibility testing, and storage considerations.
Initial approach to the poisoned patient including toxidrome recognition, diagnostic workup, toxicology screen interpretation, and gastrointestinal decontamination strategies including activated charcoal, whole bowel irrigation, gastric lavage, and multi-dose activated charcoal.
Sepsis-3 definitions, SOFA and qSOFA scoring, septic shock criteria, comparison with SIRS/Sepsis-2, and screening tools (NEWS, MEWS, qSOFA, SIRS) with sensitivity and specificity data.
Pathophysiology of post-cardiac arrest syndrome, airway and ventilation targets, hemodynamic optimization, coronary angiography indications, and initial workup after ROSC.
Pediatric vital signs by age, pediatric assessment triangle, weight estimation, PALS algorithms for pulseless arrest, bradycardia, and tachycardia, weight-based medication dosing, defibrillation energy, and equipment sizing.
CLABSI and CRBSI definitions, NHSN surveillance criteria, mucosal barrier injury CLABSI, epidemiology by ICU type, attributable mortality and costs, pathogenesis of catheter colonization, microbiology, and risk factors.
Berlin criteria for ARDS severity classification, initial ventilator mode selection, lung-protective tidal volume targets, ideal body weight calculations, plateau and driving pressure limits, ARDSNet PEEP/FiO2 tables, respiratory rate management, and permissive hypercapnia.
The ABCDEF bundle framework for ICU liberation, comprehensive pain assessment tools (BPS, CPOT, NRS) with complete scoring tables, and evidence-based analgesic management including opioid dosing, non-opioid adjuncts, and multimodal protocols.
Comprehensive guide to nutrition screening tools (NUTRIC score, NRS-2002, mNUTRIC), limitations of traditional biomarkers, body composition assessment, indirect calorimetry, predictive equations, caloric and protein targets, and obesity adjustments in the critically ill adult.
Stroke types, prehospital stroke scales (CPSS, LAMS, RACE, FAST-ED), complete NIHSS scoring, focused history, laboratory evaluation, and neuroimaging (NCCT, CTA, CTP, MRI/DWI, ASPECTS).
Pain assessment scales (NRS, VAS, FACES, FLACC, PAINAD), oligoanalgesia prevention, and first-line non-opioid analgesics including acetaminophen, NSAIDs, subdissociative ketamine, IV lidocaine, trigger point injections, and nitrous oxide.
KDIGO AKI definition and staging criteria, RIFLE and AKIN historical comparison, novel biomarkers (NGAL, KIM-1, NephroCheck), subclinical AKI, ICU epidemiology, and outcomes by stage.
ACS spectrum definitions, Fourth Universal Definition of MI (Types 1-5), pathophysiology, initial ED evaluation, 12-lead ECG interpretation, STEMI criteria by territory, STEMI equivalents, and right ventricular MI.
LEMON assessment, Mallampati classification, Cormack-Lehane grading, MOANS/RODS/SHORT mnemonics, 3-3-2 rule, standard preoxygenation, HFNC apneic oxygenation, NIV preoxygenation, and optimal patient positioning.
Structured approach to acute abdominal pain evaluation including history, physical exam, differential diagnosis by pain location, laboratory and imaging strategy, and comprehensive appendicitis management with Alvarado score, AIR score, and CODA trial evidence.
Chain of survival, high-quality CPR parameters, compression-only CPR, AED use, manual defibrillation energy levels, pad placement, waveform capnography, and refractory VF strategies.
Evidence-based guideline for the safe handling, preparation, administration, and disposal of hazardous drugs in healthcare settings, including engineering controls, PPE, and exposure management.
Evidence-based guideline for prevention, assessment, and management of oral and GI mucositis in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, radiation, and stem cell transplantation.
Evidence-based guideline for surveillance, late effects monitoring, health promotion, and comprehensive survivorship care planning for cancer survivors.
Comprehensive, evidence-based clinical guidelines for oncology practice — synthesized from multiple professional society recommendations covering vascular access, supportive care, safety, pain management, immunotherapy, and survivorship.
The oncology department hub — ten multi-society clinical guideline series covering central venous access in cancer patients, extravasation, cancer-associated thrombosis, febrile neutropenia, CINV, mucositis, hazardous drug handling, cancer pain, immunotherapy adverse events, and survivorship.
Evidence-based guideline for recognition, grading, and management of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) across all organ systems in patients receiving checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy.
Evidence-based guideline for risk stratification, empiric therapy, prophylaxis, and management of febrile neutropenia in cancer patients.
Evidence-based guideline for emetogenic risk classification, antiemetic regimen selection, and management of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.
Evidence-based guideline for prevention, recognition, and management of chemotherapy extravasation injuries, including agent classification, antidote protocols, and follow-up care.
Evidence-based guideline for selection, insertion, maintenance, and complication management of central venous access devices in oncology patients, synthesized from multiple professional society recommendations.
Evidence-based guideline for risk assessment, prophylaxis, diagnosis, and treatment of venous thromboembolism in cancer patients, including catheter-related thrombosis.
Evidence-based guideline for assessment, pharmacological management, interventional approaches, and supportive care of cancer-related pain.
Pediatric oncology, elderly patients, thrombocytopenic and anticoagulated patients, device removal criteria and procedures, patient and caregiver education, and quality surveillance for CVADs in oncology.
Risk-stratified survivorship care models, shared care integration, transition from oncology to primary care, pediatric and AYA survivorship, childhood cancer late effects, financial toxicity, and psychosocial support resources.
Management of immune-mediated hematologic toxicities, ophthalmologic irAEs, combination immunotherapy toxicity profiles, rechallenge criteria, preexisting autoimmune disease, special populations, multidisciplinary triggers, and patient education.
Comprehensive management of central venous access device-related thrombosis including diagnosis, treatment, catheter management decisions, upper extremity DVT, patient education, monitoring, and follow-up.
Pain management in elderly, pediatric, renal/hepatic impairment, and substance use disorder populations; non-pharmacological interventions; palliative sedation; and survivorship chronic pain strategies.
Medical surveillance program design and components, biological monitoring, reproductive health counseling and alternative duty policies, training and competency assessment requirements, documentation and record-keeping, non-antineoplastic hazardous drug considerations, home administration guidance, and quality assurance.
CLABSI prevention and treatment, catheter-associated thrombosis, occlusion management, extravasation, catheter malposition, pinch-off syndrome, and catheter damage in oncology CVAD patients.
Depression, anxiety, PTSD, fear of recurrence, sexual health, physical activity, nutrition, smoking cessation, alcohol, sun protection, and immunizations for cancer survivors.
Grade-based management of immune-mediated myocarditis, pericarditis, neurologic toxicities (myasthenia gravis, encephalitis, Guillain-Barre, neuropathy), nephritis, inflammatory arthritis, and myositis.
Empiric and targeted antifungal therapy for invasive aspergillosis and candidemia, central line-associated bloodstream infections in neutropenic patients, infection prevention measures, and patient and caregiver education.
Patient assessment and grading tools for CINV including CTCAE and MASCC Antiemesis Tool, evidence-based non-pharmacological interventions, guideline implementation strategies, quality improvement metrics, and patient education.
Management of cancer-associated VTE in special populations including brain tumors, thrombocytopenia, renal impairment, GI/GU cancers, recurrent VTE on anticoagulation, incidental and subsegmental PE, and IVC filter indications.
Adjuvant analgesic dosing for neuropathic and bone pain, interventional pain procedures, palliative radiation, and chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy prevention and treatment.
Spill classification and step-by-step response procedures, spill kit contents, personnel exposure management during spills, hazardous drug waste segregation and disposal, and surface decontamination protocols including deactivation, decontamination, and cleaning agents.
Flushing and locking protocols, dressing change procedures, needleless connector management, port access and deaccess procedures, blood sampling, and patency assessment for CVADs in oncology patients.
Chemotherapy-induced diarrhea management, irinotecan-specific protocols, immune checkpoint inhibitor colitis, head and neck radiation mucositis, pelvic radiation enteritis, chemoradiation, TBI-related mucositis, palifermin in HSCT, and engraftment syndrome.
Gonadal dysfunction, fertility preservation, thyroid dysfunction, metabolic syndrome, bone health, cognitive dysfunction, cancer-related fatigue, chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, and lymphedema in cancer survivors.
Grade-based management of immune-mediated endocrine toxicities (thyroid disorders, adrenal insufficiency, hypophysitis, type 1 diabetes) and pneumonitis including workup, corticosteroid protocols, hormone replacement, and immunosuppressive escalation.
Fluoroquinolone prophylaxis, antifungal prophylaxis, antiviral and PJP prophylaxis, G-CSF primary and secondary prophylaxis with dosing and timing, therapeutic G-CSF in established febrile neutropenia, and management of persistent fever and documented infections.
Guideline-recommended antiemetic regimens by emetogenic risk level, multi-day chemotherapy protocols, oral chemotherapy CINV, radiation-induced nausea and vomiting, breakthrough and refractory CINV management, and considerations for pediatric, geriatric, and organ-impaired populations.
Surgical consultation criteria, wound grading, patient follow-up protocols, peripheral vs. central line extravasation management, documentation requirements, incident reporting, legal considerations, staff competency assessment, and institutional protocol development.
Complete treatment protocols for cancer-associated VTE including LMWH dosing, DOAC regimens (rivaroxaban, edoxaban, apixaban), warfarin considerations, duration of anticoagulation, and landmark trial data from SELECT-D, HOKUSAI-VTE Cancer, ADAM-VTE, and CARAVAGGIO.
Complete opioid pharmacotherapy for cancer pain including equianalgesic dosing, titration protocols, opioid rotation, breakthrough pain management, methadone pharmacology, and side effect treatment.
Complete PPE specifications for hazardous drug handling by activity type, including glove, gown, eye/face, and respiratory protection requirements; detailed procedures for receiving, storage, compounding, administration, patient care, and transport.
Insertion site selection, ultrasound-guided placement, tip confirmation, skin antisepsis, dressing and securement, and site care protocols for central venous access devices in oncology patients.
Evidence-based oral mucositis prevention including cryotherapy, photobiomodulation, palifermin, and basic oral care; pain management; nutritional support; infection management; agents with evidence against use.
Anthracycline cardiomyopathy, radiation-associated cardiovascular disease, cardiac monitoring protocols, cardioprotective strategies, and screening for secondary malignancies in cancer survivors.
Grade-based management of immune-mediated dermatologic toxicities (rash, pruritus, bullous pemphigoid, SJS/TEN), colitis/diarrhea, and hepatitis including workup, corticosteroid protocols, and immunosuppressive escalation.
Empiric intravenous antibiotic monotherapy and combination regimens with complete dosing, indications for vancomycin and anti-gram-positive agents, antibiotic de-escalation and duration criteria, outpatient eligibility for low-risk febrile neutropenia, oral antibiotic regimens, and monitoring requirements.
Comprehensive review of antiemetic drug classes used in CINV prophylaxis and treatment: NK1 receptor antagonists, 5-HT3 receptor antagonists, corticosteroids, olanzapine, dopamine antagonists, benzodiazepines, and cannabinoids with complete dosing, pharmacokinetics, and adverse effect profiles.
Signs and symptoms of extravasation (early and late), differential diagnosis, step-by-step immediate management algorithm, specific antidote protocols with complete dosing for dexrazoxane, hyaluronidase, sodium thiosulfate, and DMSO, and thermal management by agent class.
Evidence-based recommendations for VTE prophylaxis in ambulatory, hospitalized, and surgical cancer patients, including CVAD-related thrombosis prevention, with complete dosing tables and key trial data.
Updated WHO analgesic ladder framework, non-opioid analgesic selection and dosing, and weak opioid therapy for cancer pain management.
Hazardous drug definitions, NIOSH classification criteria, national drug list organization, exposure routes and health effects, facility risk assessment, and complete engineering control specifications including BSCs, CACIs, CSTDs, and ventilation requirements.
CVAD types and oncology-specific indications, patient assessment framework, vein selection in cancer patients, device selection algorithms, and special population considerations for central venous access in oncology.
Five-phase pathobiology model of mucositis, comprehensive grading scales (WHO, NCI CTCAE, OMAS), treatment-related and patient-related risk factors, and pre-treatment dental assessment.
Survivorship care plan components, structure, and evidence-based surveillance schedules for recurrence monitoring in breast, colorectal, prostate, lung, lymphoma, and head and neck cancer survivors.
Classes of immune checkpoint inhibitors, mechanism and epidemiology of irAEs, CTCAE grading, general management framework, corticosteroid protocols, immunosuppressive escalation, and infusion reactions.
Definitions of febrile neutropenia, MASCC risk index, CISNE score, high-risk versus low-risk classification, and comprehensive initial workup including history, physical examination, laboratory studies, blood cultures, and imaging.
Complete emetogenic risk classification of intravenous and oral chemotherapy agents (high, moderate, low, minimal), types of CINV, pathophysiology of chemotherapy-induced emesis, and patient- and treatment-related risk factors.
Complete classification of antineoplastic agents by tissue damage potential (vesicants, irritants, non-vesicants), comprehensive risk factor analysis, and evidence-based prevention strategies including vein selection, device selection, and monitoring protocols.
Pathophysiology of cancer-associated thrombosis, Virchow's triad in malignancy, and validated VTE risk assessment models including the Khorana score, Vienna CATS score, PROTECHT score, and ONKOTEV score with complete scoring tables.
Comprehensive pain assessment tools, classification systems, and cancer-specific pain syndromes for systematic evaluation of pain in oncology patients.
The Association for Vascular Access (AVA) Adult Clinical Practice Guidelines, published in JAVA as the January 2026 supplement (Volume 31) — full indexed edition in five parts, with section-by-section scope, relationship to INS/CDC/SHEA-IDSA guidance, and citation format.
Association for Vascular Access Adult Clinical Practice Guidelines (JAVA 2026, Vol. 31) — Part 5: Comprehensive glossary of vascular access terminology and definitions referenced throughout the guidelines.
Association for Vascular Access Adult Clinical Practice Guidelines (JAVA 2026, Vol. 31) — Part 4 covering Sections 5–6: Device Maintenance, Complication Identification & Management, and Special Patient Populations.
Association for Vascular Access Adult Clinical Practice Guidelines (JAVA 2026, Vol. 31) — Part 3 covering Sections 3–4: Vascular Access Device Selection, Site Selection, and Insertion Techniques including ultrasound guidance.
Association for Vascular Access Adult Clinical Practice Guidelines (JAVA 2026, Vol. 31) — Part 2 continuing Section 1 on implementation considerations, barriers, products, bundles, and checklists for vascular access infrastructure.
Association for Vascular Access Adult Clinical Practice Guidelines (JAVA 2026, Vol. 31) — Part 1 covering guideline development, acknowledgments, foreword, introduction, and Sections 1–2: Infrastructure, Teams, Clinical Foundations, and Patient Assessment.
A comprehensive methodology handbook for developing clinical guidelines, expert guidance documents, consensus statements, and practice statements in infection prevention and healthcare epidemiology. Covers proposal processes, systematic literature review, evidence grading, consensus methods, and development timelines.
Development checklists (32-month, 22-month, and 6-month timelines), review and comment period procedures, writing panel author responsibilities, inclusive language guide, and acronyms for infection prevention guideline development.
Appendices covering document type definitions with peer review responsibilities, expert guidance and consensus statement proposal forms, recommendation terminology, and evidence quality classifications for infection prevention guideline development.
Purpose, definitions, proposal process, writing panel composition, systematic literature review, consensus methods, and review & approval procedures for infection prevention guideline development.